Table of Contents
Smart Sensors
Smart Sensors are the beginning of a Smart City and the foundation of its operation. In a smart city, smart sensors are spread throughout the city and provide information to public administrations or directly to citizens through Wi-Fi and in real-time.
Therefore, in a Smart City, any citizen can consult the data they need through an electronic device. Thus, the entire city can be connected and its citizens too.
Many sensors monitor everything from traffic and parking to pollen or CO 2 levels in the city.
Types of Smart Sensors
There are several types of smart sensors that can be present in Smart Cities. The most common and that provide the most relevant information are:
Parking Sensors
The parking sensor facilitates the flow of traffic within cities, thus preventing cars from turning around in search of parking.
Traffic Sensors
Traffic sensors inform citizens and public administrations about the state of the traffic, possible incidents and, therefore, be able to choose the least congested route. They also contribute to the telematic management of traffic lights, fences, or lift bridges.
Humidity Sensors
Humidity sensors contribute to the management of public parks and gardens, making watering when the land needs it and for just the right time. When the sensor detects adequate soil moisture, the sprinklers will stop watering the space. These sensors can adjust the irrigation and thus save water and energy.
Light Sensors
The light sensor is one of the most common. This detects if it is night or dawn or if the city needs more light or less because of the weather. The light sensor makes the street lighting turn on or off, depending on the natural light in the city.
Step Sensors
Step sensors can also install in the public lighting of a Smart City. The sensors of the passage make the public lighting remain dimly until it detects a vehicle or pedestrian’s passage. It is at that moment when the light from the lighting in that area will intensify until it stops detecting the passage of the vehicle or pedestrian.
Weather and Pollution Sensors
With the meteorological sensors, the environmental parameters are monitor. They measure air quality, water quality, noise, humidity, temperature, and pollen concentration.
For their part, pollution sensors measure other environmental variables, such as the concentration of CO 2 and the particles in suspension.
Sensors for the Collection and Treatment of Urban Waste
These sensors help optimize waste collection. They serve to notify when the containers are full and thus plan the removal of waste according to the city’s real needs. This fact makes garbage collection routes more effective.
Sensors for the collection and treatment of urban waste can locate in the containers themselves.
Water and Electricity Consumption Control Sensor
They have the function of making the citizen aware of the consumption of these two resources to improve their habits towards energy savings. The consumption control sensors interact with some devices where the actual reading itself reflects.
Electric Grid Sensors
These sensors are what make the Smart City’s electrical network smart, warning of incidents that occur along with the electrical network, consumption data, or meteorology (the latter to prevent possible incidents due to some climatic phenomenon).
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